Quantification and Characterization of Medical Solid Waste at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria

Abstract

This study aims to quantify and characterize the medical solid waste generated at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, and to recommend possible integrated solid waste management strategies for sustainable disposal. The study lasted one month, during which questionnaires, interviews, and surveys were conducted to gather the necessary data. The ATBUTH Bauchi produced an average of 578.1 kg of solid waste weekly during the study period. The Maternity Ward generated the highest weekly volume at 137 kg. Conversely, the Administrative Block recorded the lowest waste output at 40.5 kg. Based on the mean waste composition, food waste, and medical/infectious waste being the largest portions at 26.4% and 21.7%, respectively, while dirt, ashes, and bricks made up the lowest at 4.3%. The mean per capita waste generation was approximately 0.42 kg/bed/day. It was observed that 35.6% of the total waste was recyclable, and 48.4% was biomass. When properly harnessed, this waste has the potential to reduce environmental pollution, create employment, and generate wealth for ATBUTH and its surrounding communities.